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Iceland shows that happiness does not have to come at a great cost
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Iceland is the leader in a league table judging the European country best able to give citizens a long and happy life. Estonia comes bottom of the 30-nation survey while the UKlurksbelow Romania, at number 21 in the chart.
The European Happy Planet Index used carbon efficiency, life satisfaction and life expectancy to rate the countries. The survey, published by the New Economics Foundation and Friends of the Earth, reveals that Europe is now worse at creating well-being than it was 40 years ago.
"Countries like Iceland clearly show that happiness doesn't have to cost the earth," said Nic Marks, founder of the foundation's Centre for Well-being. "Iceland's combination of strong social policies and extensive use ofrenewable energydemonstrates that living within our environmental means doesn't mean sacrificing human well-being."
The Scandinavian countries do best in the survey. Sweden is second, Norway third and Denmark sixth. Immediately above Estonia, at the bottom of the table, are Luxembourg, Bulgaria and Greece.
Andrew Simms, the foundation's head of climate change, said countries with a strong market-led economic model fared least well. "What is the point if we burn vast quantities of fossil fuels to make, buy and consume ever more stuff, without noticeably benefiting our well-being?"
Iceland has rich sustainable energy source, via the volcanic geology, and its government commits more resources to health than any other country in Europe.
Luxembourg is the worst country for itscarbon footprintand the UK comes fourth from the bottom on that rating. Europe as a whole has almost three times its "fair" global share of carbon emissions.
Estonia comes bottom, by having the second highest fear of crime in Europe and a heavy carbon footprint. Switzerland, fourth overall, has the highest average life expectancy, at 80.5 years, while the UK achieves 78.4 and Latvia ranks lowest with 70.7.
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(Reuters)
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在一項(xiàng)共有30個(gè)國(guó)家參與的調(diào)查中，冰島被評(píng)為歐洲最長(zhǎng)壽、最快樂(lè)的國(guó)家，愛(ài)沙尼亞墊底，英國(guó)位居羅馬尼亞之后，排名第21。
此項(xiàng)“歐洲快樂(lè)星球指數(shù)”主要是綜合碳效率、人民的生活滿(mǎn)意度及預(yù)期壽命三個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)這些國(guó)家進(jìn)行評(píng)分。該項(xiàng)由新經(jīng)濟(jì)基金會(huì)和“地球之友”公布的調(diào)查顯示，如今的歐洲在謀求幸福方面已不如40年前。
新經(jīng)濟(jì)基金會(huì)“幸福中心”的創(chuàng)建者尼克·馬克斯說(shuō)：“我們從冰島這樣的國(guó)家可以清楚的看到，快樂(lè)并不需要以犧牲地球環(huán)境為代價(jià)。冰島有力的社會(huì)政策和可再生能源的廣泛使用表明，環(huán)保并不意味著要犧牲人類(lèi)的幸福。”
北歐國(guó)家在這份調(diào)查中“表現(xiàn)”最好。瑞典名列第二、挪威第三、丹麥排名第六。排在最后幾位的除愛(ài)沙尼亞外，還包括盧森堡、保加利亞和希臘。
新經(jīng)濟(jì)基金會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)氣候變化的安德魯·希姆斯說(shuō)，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)模式發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家表現(xiàn)最差。“如果我們消耗大量的礦物燃料來(lái)制造、購(gòu)買(mǎi)以及消費(fèi)更多的東西，卻并沒(méi)有顯著增加幸福感，這又有什么意義呢？”
冰島的火山地質(zhì)特征使其擁有豐富的可再生能源，冰島政府在健康方面投入的資源比歐洲其它國(guó)家都要多。
盧森堡的碳排放量（“碳足跡”）最多，英國(guó)在這一指標(biāo)上排名倒數(shù)第四。歐洲的整體碳排放量是其全球碳排放量指標(biāo)的近三倍。
愛(ài)沙尼亞因人們對(duì)犯罪的恐懼程度名列歐洲第二以及很高的碳排放量排在最后。位居第四的瑞士人均壽命最長(zhǎng)，達(dá)到80.5歲；英國(guó)為78.4歲；拉脫維亞最短，為70.7歲。
（英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津姍姍編輯）
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